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Posted 22 January 2014 | By Alexander Gaffney, RAC,
The public often thinks of medical devices as complicated constructs of metal, plastics and electronics, but the fact is that many medical devices are made from animal-derived materials as well.
Some constitute large parts of the device, such as a bone substitute or bovine heart valve; others are smaller portions, such as a heparin coating on a device.
But as a new guidance from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) notes, whatever portion of the device is made from animal-derived parts, it runs the risk of being contaminated with microorganisms.
FDA's latest guidance, Medical Devices Containing Materials Derived From Animal Sources (Except for In Vitro Diagnostic Devices), is meant to replace an earlier 1998 guidance and address newly recognized risks, such as those from all strains of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE).
The 1998 guidance had focused largely on the risk of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), better known as mad cow disease, but lacked reference to a number of other forms of TSE like scrapie (found in sheep), chronic wasting disease (found in deer) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) (found in humans).
Complicating matters is that there are currently no treatments for TSE diseases, and no way of screening for the disease in a live person or animal. The prion-based diseases are also extremely resistant to disinfection and sterilization-a distinct problem for reusable medical devices that come into contact with blood or tissue.
FDA said that it recommended device manufacturers adopt an approach based on vigilance, documentation and monitoring for assessment of TSE risks in their animal-derived devices. Companies using animal-sourced parts in their devices should document (in any regulatory submission) the:
This information should be maintained on a lot level, FDA said. Companies should also conduct analyses of how their animal parts are sourced, as a non-TSE-transmitting animal may be slaughtered in a facility that also processes TSE-transmitting animals, such as cattle.
For now, then, FDA says industry should remain vigilant about future evidence. At some point in the future, FDA "may issue rules specifically on BSE and the regulation of medical devices," which would take precedence over the current guidance.
"When a TSE-screening assay is validated to accurately identify TSE-contaminated tissues, FDA will consider revising this guidance as appropriate and recommending that such a test be introduced into the standard operating procedures for bovine tissue collection and processing," FDA concluded.
More general contamination control issues require a more streamlined assessment process, also explained in the guidance. Sterilization processes will also need to be assessed on a case-by-case basis, as will virus validation studies.
Medical Devices Containing Materials Derived From Animal Sources (Except for In Vitro Diagnostic Devices)
Federal Register
Tags: Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy, TSE, Latest News, BSE, guidance